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Encyclopædia Britannica
The ''ラテン語:Encyclopædia Britannica'' (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia. It is written by about 100 full-time editors and more than 4,000 contributors, who have included 110 Nobel Prize winners and five American presidents. In 2012 it was announced that the 2010 edition—the 15th, spanning 32 volumes〔 and 32,640 pages—would be the last printed edition, with digital content and distribution continuing after that.
The ''Britannica'' is the oldest English-language encyclopaedia still being produced. It was first published between 1768 and 1771 in Edinburgh, Scotland, as three volumes. The encyclopaedia grew in size: the second edition was 10 volumes, and by its fourth edition (1801–1810) it had expanded to 20 volumes. Its rising stature as a scholarly work helped recruit eminent contributors, and the 9th (1875–1889) and 11th editions (1911) are landmark encyclopaedias for scholarship and literary style. Beginning with the 11th edition and its acquisition by an American firm, the ''Britannica'' shortened and simplified articles to broaden its appeal in the North American market. In 1933, the ''Britannica'' became the first encyclopaedia to adopt "continuous revision", in which the encyclopaedia is continually reprinted and every article updated on a schedule. In March 2012, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. announced it would no longer continue to publish its printed editions, instead focusing on its online version, ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online''.
The 15th and last edition has a three-part structure: a 12-volume ''Micropædia'' of short articles (generally fewer than 750 words), a 19-volume ''Macropædia'' of long articles (two to 310 pages), and a single ''Propædia'' volume to give a hierarchical outline of knowledge. The ''Micropædia'' is meant for quick fact-checking and as a guide to the ''Macropædia''; readers are advised to study the ''Propædia'' outline to understand a subject's context and to find more detailed articles. The size of the ''Britannica'' has remained roughly constant over 70 years, with about 40 million words on half a million topics. Although publication has been based in the United States since 1901, the ''Britannica'' has largely maintained British spelling.
==Present status==
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